LPV324MX/NOPB - National Semiconductor

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power, Rail-to-Rail

Output Operational Amplifiers

General Description

The LPV321/358/324 are low power (9 µA per channel at

5.0V) versions of the LMV321/358/324 op amps. This is

another addition to the LMV321/358/324 family of commod-

ity op amps.

The LPV321/358/324 are the most cost effective solutions

for the applications where low voltage, low power operation,

space saving and low price are needed. The LPV321/358/

324 have rail-to-rail output swing capability and the input

common-mode voltage range includes ground. They all ex-

hibit excellent speed-power ratio, achieving 5 kHz of band-

width with a supply current of only 9 µA.

The LPV321 is available in space saving 5-Pin SC70, which

is approximately half the size of 5-Pin SOT23. The small

package saves space on PC boards, and enables the design

of small portable electronic devices. It also allows the de-

signer to place the device closer to the signal source to

reduce noise pickup and increase signal integrity.

The chips are built with National’s advanced submicron

silicon-gate BiCMOS process. The LPV321/358/324 have

bipolar input and output stages for improved noise perfor-

mance and higher output current drive.

Features

(For V

= 5V and V

−

= 0V, typical unless otherwise noted)

jGuaranteed 2.7V and 5V performance

jNo crossover distortion

jSpace saving package 5-Pin SC70

2.0x2.1x1.0 mm

jIndustrial temperature

range −40˚C to +85˚C

jGain-bandwidth product 152 kHz

jLow supply current

LPV321 9 µA

LPV358 15 µA

LPV324 28 µA

jRail-to-rail output swing

@100 kΩLoad V

−3.5 mV

−

+90 mV

−0.2V to V

−0.8V

Applications

nActive filters

nGeneral purpose low voltage applications

nGeneral purpose portable devices

Connection Diagrams

5-Pin

SC70/SOT23 8-Pin SOIC/MSOP 14-Pin SOIC/TSSOP

10092001

Top View 10092002

Top View

10092003

Top View

October 2006

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power, Rail-to-Rail

Output Operational Amplifiers

Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1)

If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required,

please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/

Distributors for availability and specifications.

ESD Tolerance (Note 2)

Human Body Model

LPV324 2000V

LPV358 1500V

LPV321 1500V

Machine Model 100V

Differential Input Voltage ±Supply Voltage

Supply Voltage (V

–V

−

) 5.5V

Output Short Circuit to V

(Note 3)

Output Short Circuit to V

−

(Note 4)

Soldering Information

Infrared or Convection (20 sec) 235˚C

Storage Temperature Range −65˚C to 150˚C

Junction Temp. (T

, max) (Note 5) 150˚C

Operating Ratings (Note 1)

Supply Voltage 2.7V to 5V

Temperature Range −40˚C to +85˚C

Thermal Resistance (θ

)(Note 10)

5-Pin SC70 478˚C/W

5-Pin SOT23 265˚C/W

8-Pin SOIC 190˚C/W

8-Pin MSOP 235˚C/W

14-Pin SOIC 145˚C/W

14-Pin TSSOP 155˚C/W

2.7V DC Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T

= 25˚C, V

= 2.7V, V

−

= 0V, V

= 1.0V, V

/2 and R

>1MΩ.

Symbol Parameter Conditions

Min

(Note 7)

Typ

(Note 6)

Max

(Note 7) Units

Input Offset Voltage 1.2 7 mV

TCV

Input Offset Voltage Average

Drift

2 µV/˚C

Input Bias Current 1.7 50 nA

Input Offset Current 0.6 40 nA

CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio 0V ≤V

≤1.7V 50 70 dB

PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio 2.7V ≤V

≤5V

= 1V, V

=1V

50 65 dB

Input Common-Mode Voltage

Range

For CMRR ≥50 dB 0 −0.2 V

1.9 1.7

Output Swing R

= 100 kΩto 1.35V V

−100 V

−3 mV

80 180 mV

Supply Current LPV321 4 8 µA

LPV358

Both Amplifiers

816µA

LPV324

All Four Amplifiers

16 24 µA

2.7V AC Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T

= 25˚C, V

= 2.7V, V

−

= 0V, V

= 1.0V, V

/2 and R

>1MΩ.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min

(Note 7)

Typ

(Note 6)

Max

(Note 7)

Units

GBWP Gain-Bandwidth Product C

= 22 pF 112 kHz

Phase Margin 97 Deg

Gain Margin 35 dB

Input-Referred Voltage Noise f = 1 kHz 178

Input-Referred Current Noise f = 1 kHz 0.50

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

www.national.com 2

5V DC Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T

= 25˚C, V

= 5V, V

−

= 0V, V

= 2.0V, V

/2 and R

>1MΩ.

Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.

Symbol Parameter Conditions

Min

(Note 7)

Typ

(Note 6)

Max

(Note 7) Units

Input Offset Voltage 1.5 7

10 mV

TCV

Input Offset Voltage Average

Drift

2 µV/˚C

Input Bias Current 2 50

60 nA

Input Offset Current 0.6 40

50 nA

CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio 0V ≤V

≤4V 50 71 dB

PSRR Power Supply Rejection Ratio 2.7V ≤V

≤5V

= 1V, V

=1V

50 65 dB

Input Common-Mode Voltage

Range

For CMRR ≥50 dB 0 −0.2 V

4.2 4

Large Signal Voltage Gain

(Note 8)

= 100 kΩ15

100 V/mV

Output Swing R

= 100 kΩto 2.5V V

−100

−200

−3.5

90 180

220

Output Short Circuit Current

Sourcing

LPV324, LPV358, and LPV321

=0V

216 mA

Output Short Circuit Current

Sinking

LPV321

=5V

20 60 mA

LPV324 and LPV358

=5V

11 16 mA

Supply Current LPV321 9 12

15 µA

LPV358

Both amplifiers

15 20

24 µA

LPV324

All four amplifiers

28 42

46 µA

5V AC Electrical Characteristics

Unless otherwise specified, all limits guaranteed for T

= 25˚C, V

= 5V, V

−

= 0V, V

= 2.0V, V

/2 and R

>1MΩ.

Boldface limits apply at the temperature extremes.

Symbol Parameter Conditions Min

(Note 7)

Typ

(Note 6)

Min

(Note 7)

Units

SR Slew Rate (Note 9) 0.1 V/µs

GBWP Gain-Bandwidth Product C

= 22 pF 152 kHz

Phase Margin 87 Deg

Gain Margin 19 dB

Input-Referred Voltage Noise f = 1 kHz, 146

Input-Referred Current Noise f = 1 kHz 0.30

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

www.national.com3

5V AC Electrical Characteristics (Continued)

Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is

intended to be functional, but specific performance is not guaranteed. For guaranteed specifications and the test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics.

Note 2: Human Body Model, applicable std. MIL-STD-883, Method 3015.7. Machine Model, applicable std. JESD22-A115-A (ESD MM std. of JEDEC)

Field-Induced Charge-Device Model, applicable std. JESD22-C101-C (ESD FICDM std. of JEDEC).

Note 3: Shorting output to V+will adversely affect reliability.

Note 4: Shorting output to V−will adversely affect reliability.

Note 5: The maximum power dissipation is a function of TJ(MAX),θJA. The maximum allowable power dissipation at any ambient temperature is

PD=(T

J(MAX) –T

A)/ θJA. All numbers apply for packages soldered directly onto a PC Board.

Note 6: Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm as determined at the time of characterization. Actual typical values may vary over time and will

also depend on the application and configuration. The typical values are not tested and are not guaranteed on shipped production material.

Note 7: All limits are guaranteed by testing or statistical analysis.

Note 8: RLis connected to V -. The output voltage is 0.5V ≤VO≤4.5V.

Note 9: Connected as voltage follower with 3V step input. Number specified is the slower of the positive and negative slew rates.

Note 10: All numbers are typical, and apply for packages soldered directly onto a PC board in still air.

Ordering Information

Package

Temperature Range

Packaging Marking Transport Media NSC DrawingIndustrial

−40˚C to +85˚C

5-Pin SC70 LPV321M7 A19 1k Units Tape and Reel MAA05A

LPV321M7X A19 3k Units Tape and Reel

5-Pin SOT23 LPV321M5 A27A 1k Units Tape and Reel MF05A

LPV321M5X A27A 3k Units Tape and Reel

8-Pin SOIC LPV358M LPV358M Rails M08A

LPV358MX LPV358M 2.5k Units Tape and Reel

8-Pin MSOP LPV358MM P358 1k Units Tape and Reel MUA08A

LPV358MMX P358 3.5k Units Tape and Reel

14-Pin SOIC LPV324M LPV324M Rails M14A

LPV324MX LPV324M 2.5k Units Tape and Reel

14-Pin TSSOP LPV324MT LPV324MT Rails MTC14

LPV324MTX LPV324MT 2.5k Units Tape and Reel

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

www.national.com 4

Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, V

= +5V, single supply,

= 25˚C.

Supply Current vs. Supply Voltage (LPV321) Input Current vs. Temperature

100920B4 100920B5

Sourcing Current vs. Output Voltage Sourcing Current vs. Output Voltage

10092041 10092042

Sinking Current vs. Output Voltage Sinking Current vs. Output Voltage

10092043 10092044

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

www.national.com5

Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, V

= +5V, single supply,

TA= 25˚C. (Continued)

Output Voltage Swing vs. Supply Voltage

Input Voltage Noise vs.

Frequency

100920B6 10092056

Input Current Noise vs

Frequency Input Current Noise vs Frequency

10092070 10092068

Crosstalk Rejection vs. Frequency PSRR vs. Frequency

10092073 10092072

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, V

= +5V, single supply,

TA= 25˚C. (Continued)

CMRR vs. Frequency CMRR vs. Input Common Mode Voltage

10092063 10092064

CMRR vs. Input Common Mode Voltage ∆V

vs. V

10092065 10092045

∆V

vs. V

Input Voltage vs. Output Voltage

10092046 10092069

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, V

= +5V, single supply,

TA= 25˚C. (Continued)

Input Voltage vs. Output Voltage Open Loop Frequency Response

10092071 10092052

Open Loop Frequency Response Gain and Phase vs. Capacitive Load

10092051 10092054

Gain and Phase vs. Capacitive Load Slew Rate vs. Supply Voltage

10092053 10092055

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, V

= +5V, single supply,

TA= 25˚C. (Continued)

Non-Inverting Large Signal Pulse Response Non-Inverting Small Signal Pulse Response

10092050 10092049

Inverting Large Signal Pulse Response Inverting Small Signal Pulse Response

10092047 10092048

Stability vs. Capacitive Load Stability vs. Capacitive Load

10092061

10092060

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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Typical Performance Characteristics Unless otherwise specified, V

= +5V, single supply,

TA= 25˚C. (Continued)

Stability vs. Capacitive Load Stability vs. Capacitive Load

10092059

10092058

THD vs. Frequency Open Loop Output Impedance vs Frequency

10092062

10092074

Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature (Sinking) Short Circuit Current vs. Temperature (Sourcing)

100920B7 100920B8

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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Application Information

BENEFITS OF THE LPV321/358/324

Size

The small footprints of the LPV321/358/324 packages save

space on printed circuit boards, and enable the design of

smaller electronic products, such as cellular phones, pagers,

or other portable systems. The low profile of the LPV321/

358/324 make them possible to use in PCMCIA type III

cards.

Signal Integrity

Signals can pick up noise between the signal source and the

amplifier. By using a physically smaller amplifier package,

the LPV321/358/324 can be placed closer to the signal

source, reducing noise pickup and increasing signal integrity.

Simplified Board Layout

These products help you to avoid using long pc traces in

your pc board layout. This means that no additional compo-

nents, such as capacitors and resistors, are needed to filter

out the unwanted signals due to the interference between

the long pc traces.

Low Supply Current

These devices will help you to maximize battery life. They

are ideal for battery powered systems.

Low Supply Voltage

National provides guaranteed performance at 2.7V and 5V.

These guarantees ensure operation throughout the battery

lifetime.

Rail-to-Rail Output

Rail-to-rail output swing provides maximum possible dy-

namic range at the output. This is particularly important

when operating on low supply voltages.

Input Includes Ground

Allows direct sensing near GND in single supply operation.

The differential input voltage may be larger than V

without

damaging the device. Protection should be provided to pre-

vent the input voltages from going negative more than −0.3V

(at 25˚C). An input clamp diode with a resistor to the IC input

terminal can be used.

CAPACITIVE LOAD TOLERANCE

The LPV321/358/324 can directly drive 200 pF in unity-gain

without oscillation. The unity-gain follower is the most sensi-

tive configuration to capacitive loading. Direct capacitive

loading reduces the phase margin of amplifiers. The combi-

nation of the amplifier’s output impedance and the capacitive

load induces phase lag. This results in either an under-

damped pulse response or oscillation. To drive a heavier

capacitive load, circuit in Figure 1 can be used.

In Figure 1, the isolation resistor R

ISO

and the load capacitor

form a pole to increase stability by adding more phase

margin to the overall system. The desired performance de-

pends on the value of R

ISO

. The bigger the R

ISO

resistor

value, the more stable V

OUT

will be. Figure 2 is an output

waveform of Figure 1 using 100 kΩfor R

ISO

and 1000 pF for

The circuit in Figure 3 is an improvement to the one in Figure

1because it provides DC accuracy as well as AC stability. If

there were a load resistor in Figure 1, the output would be

voltage divided by R

ISO

and the load resistor. Instead, in

Figure 3,R

provides the DC accuracy by using feed-

forward techniques to connect V

to R

. Caution is needed

in choosing the value of R

due to the input bias current of

the LPV321/358/324. C

and R

ISO

serve to counteract the

loss of phase margin by feeding the high frequency compo-

nent of the output signal back to the amplifier’s inverting

input, thereby preserving phase margin in the overall feed-

back loop. Increased capacitive drive is possible by increas-

ing the value of C

. This in turn will slow down the pulse

response.

10092004

FIGURE 1. Indirectly Driving A Capacitive Load Using

Resistive Isolation

10092075

FIGURE 2. Pulse Response of the LPV324 Circuit in

Figure 1

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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Application Information (Continued)

INPUT BIAS CURRENT CANCELLATION

The LPV321/358/324 family has a bipolar input stage. The

typical input bias current of LPV321/358/324 is 1.5 nA with

5V supply. Thus a 100 kΩinput resistor will cause 0.15 mV

of error voltage. By balancing the resistor values at both

inverting and non-inverting inputs, the error caused by the

amplifier’s input bias current will be reduced. The circuit in

Figure 4 shows how to cancel the error caused by input bias

current.

TYPICAL SINGLE-SUPPLY APPLICATION CIRCUITS

Difference Amplifier

The difference amplifier allows the subtraction of two volt-

ages or, as a special case, the cancellation of a signal

common to two inputs. It is useful as a computational ampli-

fier, in making a differential to single-ended conversion or in

rejecting a common mode signal.

Instrumentation Circuits

The input impedance of the previous difference amplifier is

set by the resistor R

, and R

. To eliminate the

problems of low input impedance, one way is to use a

voltage follower ahead of each input as shown in the follow-

ing two instrumentation amplifiers.

Three-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier

The quad LPV324 can be used to build a three-op-amp

instrumentation amplifier as shown in Figure 6

The first stage of this instrumentation amplifier is a

differential-input, differential-output amplifier, with two volt-

age followers. These two voltage followers assure that the

input impedance is over 100 MΩ. The gain of this instrumen-

tation amplifier is set by the ratio of R

should equal

and R

equal R

. Matching of R

to R

and R

to R

affects the CMRR. For good CMRR over temperature, low

drift resistors should be used. Making R

Slightly smaller

than R

and adding a trim pot equal to twice the difference

between R

and R

will allow the CMRR to be adjusted for

optimum.

10092005

FIGURE 3. Indirectly Driving A Capacitive Load with

DC Accuracy

10092006

FIGURE 4. Cancelling the Error Caused by Input Bias

Current

10092007

FIGURE 5. Difference Amplifier

10092085

FIGURE 6. Three-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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Application Information (Continued)

Two-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier

A two-op-amp instrumentation amplifier can also be used to

make a high-input-impedance DC differential amplifier (Fig-

ure 7). As in the three-op-amp circuit, this instrumentation

amplifier requires precise resistor matching for good CMRR.

should equal to R

and R

should equal R

Single-Supply Inverting Amplifier

There may be cases where the input signal going into the

amplifier is negative. Because the amplifier is operating in

single supply voltage, a voltage divider using R

and R

implemented to bias the amplifier so the input signal is within

the input common-common voltage range of the amplifier.

The capacitor C

is placed between the inverting input and

resistor R

to block the DC signal going into the AC signal

source, V

. The values of R

and C

affect the cutoff fre-

quency, fc = 1/2πR

As a result, the output signal is centered around mid-supply

(if the voltage divider provides V

/2 at the non-inverting

input). The output can swing to both rails, maximizing the

signal-to-noise ratio in a low voltage system.

ACTIVE FILTER

Simple Low-Pass Active Filter

The simple low-pass filter is shown in Figure 9. Its low-

frequency gain(ω→o) is defined by −R

. This allows

low-frequency gains other than unity to be obtained. The

filter has a −20 dB/decade roll-off after its corner frequency

fc. R

should be chosen equal to the parallel combination of

and R

to minimize errors due to bais current. The

frequency response of the filter is shown in Figure 10

Note that the single-op-amp active filters are used in to the

applications that require low quality factor, Q (≤10), low

frequency (≤5 kHz), and low gain (≤10), or a small value for

the product of gain times Q (≤100). The op amp should have

an open loop voltage gain at the highest frequency of inter-

est at least 50 times larger than the gain of the filter at this

frequency. In addition, the selected op amp should have a

slew rate that meets the following requirement:

Slew Rate ≥0.5x(ω

OPP

)X10

−6

V/µsec

Where ω

is the highest frequency of interest, and V

OPP

the output peak-to-peak voltage.

10092011

FIGURE 7. Two-op-amp Instrumentation Amplifier

10092013

FIGURE 8. Single-Supply Inverting Amplifier

10092014

FIGURE 9. Simple Low-Pass Active Filter

10092015

FIGURE 10. Frequency Response of Simple Low-pass

Active Filter in Figure 9

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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SC70-5 Tape and Reel Specification

100920B3

SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification

TAPE FORMAT

Tape Section # Cavities Cavity Status Cover Tape Status

Leader 0 (min) Empty Sealed

(Start End) 75 (min) Empty Sealed

Carrier 3000 Filled Sealed

250 Filled Sealed

Trailer 125 (min) Empty Sealed

(Hub End) 0 (min) Empty Sealed

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification (Continued)

TAPE DIMENSIONS

100920B1

8 mm 0.130 0.124 0.130 0.126 0.138 ±0.002 0.055 ±0.004 0.157 0.315 ±0.012

(3.3) (3.15) (3.3) (3.2) (3.5 ±0.05) (1.4 ±0.11) (4) (8 ±0.3)

Tape Size DIM A DIM Ao DIM B DIM Bo DIM F DIM Ko DIM P1 DIM W

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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SOT-23-5 Tape and Reel Specification (Continued)

REEL DIMENSIONS

100920B2

8 mm 7.00 0.059 0.512 0.795 2.165 0.331 + 0.059/−0.000 0.567 W1+ 0.078/−0.039

330.00 1.50 13.00 20.20 55.00 8.40 + 1.50/−0.00 14.40 W1 + 2.00/−1.00

Tape Size A B C D N W1 W2 W3

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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Physical Dimensions

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted

5-Pin SC70

NS Package Number MAA05A

5-Pin SOT23

NS Package Number MF05A

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)

8-Pin SOIC

NS Package Number M08A

8-Pin MSOP

NS Package Number MUA08A

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued)

14-Pin SOIC

NS Package Number M14A

14-Pin TSSOP

NS Package Number MTC14

LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad

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Notes

National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves

the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.

For the most current product information visit us at www.national.com.

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CORPORATION. As used herein:

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which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or

(b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when

properly used in accordance with instructions for use

provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result

in a significant injury to the user.

2. A critical component is any component of a life support

device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably

expected to cause the failure of the life support device or

system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.

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LPV321 Single/LPV358 Dual/LPV324 Quad General Purpose, Low Voltage, Low Power, Rail-to-Rail

Output Operational Amplifiers