Particle Photon with Headers PRODUCT ID: 2721 DESCRIPTION The Photon is a tiny Wi-Fi development kit for creating connected projects and products for the Internet of Things. It's easy to use, it's powerful, and it's connected to the cloud. The tools that make up the Photon's ecosystem (and come along with the board) are designed to let you build and create whether you're an embedded engineer, web developer, Arduino enthusiast or IoT entrepreneur. You'll be able to write your firmware in our web or local IDE, deploy it over the air, and build your web and mobile apps with ParticleJS and our Mobile SDK. The board itself uses a Broadcom WICED Wi-Fi chip (one that can be found in Nest Protect, LIFX, and Amazon Dash) alongside a powerful STM32 ARM Cortex M3 microcontroller. It's like the Spark Core, but better! The WICED chipset is much faster than the original CC3000 in the 'Core and also supports SSL and Soft-AP mode. This is the Photon with breadboard headers connected. 1 TECHNICAL DETAILS Particle P0 Wi-Fi module Broadcom BCM43362 Wi-Fi chip STM32F205 120Mhz ARM Cortex M3 1MB flash, 128KB RAM 802.11b/g/n Soft AP setup FCC/CE/IC certified Height (w/ headers): 12mm Product Dimensions: 38.0mm x 21.0mm x 3.0mm / 1.5" x 0.8" x 0.1" Product Weight: 5.0g / 0.2oz 2 Photon Datasheet (v014) Model number: PHOTONH, PHOTONNOH Functional description OVERVIEW Particle's Internet of Things hardware development kit, the Photon, provides everything you need to build a connected product. Particle combines a powerful ARM Cortex M3 micro-controller with a Broadcom Wi-Fi chip in a tiny thumbnail-sized module called the PO (P-zero). To get you started quickly, Particle adds a rock solid 3.3VDC SMPS power supply, RF and user interface components to the PO on a small single-sided PCB called the Photon. The design is open source, so when you're ready to integrate the Photon into your product, you can. The Photon comes in two physical forms: with headers and without. Prototyping is easy with headers as the Photon plugs directly into standard breadboards and perfboards, and may also be mounted with 0.1" pitch female headers on a PCB. To minimize space required, the Photon form factor without headers has castellated edges. These make it possible to surface mount the Photon directly onto your PCB. 3 FEATURES Particle PO Wi-Fi module o Broadcom BCM43362 Wi-Fi chip o 802.11b/g/n Wi-Fi o o STM32F205RGY6 120Mhz ARM Cortex M3 1MB flash, 128KB RAM On-board RGB status LED (ext. drive provided) 18 Mixed-signal GPIO and advanced peripherals Open source design Real-time operating system (FreeRTOS) Soft AP setup FCC, CE and IC certified Interfaces BLOCK DIAGRAM 4 POWER Power to the Photon is supplied via the on-board USB Micro B connector or directly via the VIN pin. If power is supplied directly to the VIN pin, the voltage should be regulated between 3.6VDC and 5.5VDC. When the Photon is powered via the USB port, VIN will output a voltage of approximately 4.8VDC due to a reverse polarity protection series schottky diode between V+ of USB and VIN. When used as an output, the max load on VIN is 1A. Typical average current consumption is 80mA with 5V @ VIN with Wi-Fi on. Deep sleep quiescent current is typically 80uA (Please refer to Recommended Operating Conditions for more info). When powering the Photon from the USB connector, make sure to use a quality cable to minimize IR drops (current x resistance = voltage) in the wiring. If a high resistance cable (i.e., low current) is used, peak currents drawn from the Photon when transmitting and receiving will result in voltage sag at the input which may cause a system brown out or intermittent operation. Likewise, the power source should be sufficient enough to source 1A of current to be on the safe side. RF The RF section of the Photon is a finely tuned impedance controlled network of components that optimize the efficiency and sensitivity of the Wi-Fi communications. An RF feed line runs from the PO module into a SPDT RF-switch. Logic level control lines on the PO module select which of the two ports of the RF-switch is connected to the RF feed line. A 100pF decoupling capacitor is located on each control line. One port is connected to a PCB ceramic chip antenna, and the other is connected to a u.FL connector for external antenna adaptation. The default port will be set to the chip antenna. Additionally, a user API is available to switch between internal, external and even an automatic mode which continuously switches between each antenna and selects the best signal. All three RF ports on the RF-switch have a 10pF RF quality DC-blocking capacitor in series with them. These effectively pass 2.4GHz frequencies freely while blocking unwanted DC voltages from damaging the RF-switch. All RF traces are considered as tiny transmission lines that have a controlled 50 ohm impedance. The chip antenna is impedance matched to the 50 ohm RF feed line via a Pi network comprised of three RF inductors (1 series, 2 shunt). These values are quite specific to the Photon due to the PCB construction and layout of the RF section. Even if the Photon's layout design is copied exactly, to achieve the best performance it would be worth re-examining the Pi network values on actual samples of the PCB in question. 5 FCC APPROVED ANTENNAS PERIPHERALS AND GPIO The Photon has ton of capability in a small footprint, with analog, digital and communication interfaces. Notes: [1] FT = 5.0V tolerant pins. All pins except A3 and DAC are 5V tolerant (when not in analog mode). If used as a 5V input the pull-up/pull-down resistor must be disabled. [2] 3V3 = 3.3V max pins. [3] PWM is available on D0, D1, D2, D3, A4, A5, WKP, RX, TX with a caveat: PWM timer peripheral is duplicated on two pins (A5/D2) and (A4/D3) for 7 total independent PWM outputs. For example: PWM may be used on A5 while D2 is used as a GPIO, or D2 as a PWM while A5 is used as an analog input. However A5 and D2 cannot be used as independently controlled PWM outputs at the same time. 6 JTAG AND SWD Pin D3 through D7 are JTAG interface pins. These can be used to reprogram your Photon bootloader or user firmware image with standard JTAG tools such as the ST-Link v2, J-Link, R-Link, OLIMEX ARM-USB-TINI-H, and also the FTDI-based Particle JTAG Programmer. If you are short on available pins, you may also use SWD mode which requires less connections. Notes: [1] Default state after reset for a short period of time before these pins are restored to GPIO (if JTAG debugging is not required, i.e. USE_SWD_JTAG=y is not specified on the command line.) A standard 20-pin 0.1" shrouded male JTAG interface connector should be wired as follows: 7 EXTERNAL COEXISTENCE INTERFACE The Photon supports coexistence with Bluetooth and other external radios via the three gold pads on the top side of the PCB near pin A3. These pads are 0.035" square, spaced 0.049" apart. This spacing supports the possibility of tacking on a small 1.25mm - 1.27mm pitch 3-pin male header to make it somewhat easier to interface with. When two radios occupying the same frequency band are used in the same system, such as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, a coexistence interface can be used to coordinate transmit activity, to ensure optimal performance by arbitrating conflicts between the two radios. When these pads are programmed to be used as a Bluetooth coexistence interface, they're set as high impedance on power up and reset. 8 Memory Map STM32F205RGY6 FLASH LAYOUT OVERVIEW Bootloader (16 KB) DCT1 (16 KB), stores Wi-Fi credentials, keys, mfg info, system flags, etc.. DCT2 (16 KB), swap area for DCT1 EEPROM emulation bank 1 (16 KB) EEPROM emulation bank 2 (64 KB) [only 16k used] System firmware (512 KB) [256 KB Wi-Fi/comms + 256 KB hal/platform/services] Factory backup, OTA backup and user application (384 KB) [3 x 128 KB] DCT LAYOUT The DCT area of flash memory has been mapped to a separate DFU media device so that we can incrementally update the application data. This allows one item (say, server public key) to be updated without erasing the other items. 9 Note: Writing 0xFF to offset 34 (DEFAULT) or 3106 (ALTERNATE) will cause the device to regenerate a new private key on the next boot. Alternate keys are currently unsupported on the Photon but are used on the Electron as UDP/ECC keys. You should not need to use this feature unless your keys are corrupted. 10 MEMORY MAP (COMMON) MEMORY MAP (MODULAR FIRMWARE - DEFAULT) MEMORY MAP (MONOLITHIC FIRMWARE - OPTIONAL) 11 Pin and button definition PIN MARKINGS 12 PIN DESCRIPTION In addition to the 24 pins around the outside of the Photon, there are 7 pads on the bottom the Photon PCB that can be used to connect to extra signals: RGB LED outputs, SETUP button, SMPS enable line and USB D+/D-. Photon Pins #25-31 are described in the Pin out diagrams. Also refer to the Recommended PCB land pattern photon without headers section for their location on the bottom of the Photon. 13 PIN OUT DIAGRAMS 14 Technical specification ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS RECOMMENDED OPERATIN G CONDITIONS [1] These numbers represent the extreme range of short peak current bursts when transmitting and receiving in 802.11b/g/n modes at different power levels. Average TX current consumption in will be 80-100mA. [2] These are very short average current bursts when transmitting and receiving. On average if minimizing frequency of TX/RX events, current consumption in powersave mode will be 18mA 15 WI-FI SPECIFICATIONS 16 I/O CHARACTERISTICS These specifications are based on the STM32F205RGY6 datasheet, with reference to Photon pin nomenclature. Notes: [1] FT = Five-volt tolerant. In order to sustain a voltage higher than V3V3+0.3 the internal pull-up/pull- down resistors must be disabled. [2] Hysteresis voltage between Schmitt trigger switching levels. Based on characterization, not tested in production. [3] With a minimum of 100mV. [4] Leakage could be higher than max. if negative current is injected on adjacent pins. [5] Pull-up and pull-down resistors are designed with a true resistance in series with switchable PMOS/NMOS. This PMOS/NMOS contribution to the series resistance is minimum (~10% order). 17 Mechanical specifications DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHT MATING CONNECTORS The Photon (with headers) can be mounted with (qty 2) 12-pin single row 0.1" female headers. Typically these are 0.335" (8.5mm) tall, but you may pick a taller one if desired. When you search for parts like these it can be difficult to navigate the thousands of parts available online so here are a few good choices for the Photon: You may also use other types, such as reverse mounted (bottom side SMT) female headers, low profile types, etc.. 18 RECOMMENDED PCB LAND PATTERN (PHOTON WITH HEADERS) The Photon (with headers) can be mounted with 0.1" 12-pin female header receptacles using the following PCB land pattern: A Photon with headers part for EAGLE can be found in the Particle EAGLE library 19 RECOMMENDED PCB LAND PATTERN (PHOTON WITHOUT HEADERS) The Photon (without headers) can be surface mounted directly in an end application PCB using the following PCB land pattern: In addition to the 24 pins around the outside of the Photon, there are 7 pads on the bottom the Photon PCB that can be used to connect to extra signals: RGB LED outputs, SETUP button, SMPS enable line and USB D+/D-. Photon Pins #25-31 are described in the Pin out diagrams. Solder mask around exposed copper pads should be 0.1mm (4 mils) larger in all directions. E.g., a 0.08" x 0.10" pad would have a 0.088" x 0.108" solder mask. A Photon without headers part for EAGLE can be found in the Particle EAGLE library 20 Schematic SCHEMATIC - USB SCHEMATIC - POWER 21 SCHEMATIC - USER I/O SCHEMATIC - RF 22 SCHEMATIC - PO WI-FI MODULE 23 PHOTON V1.0.0 TOP LAYER (GTL) PHOTON V1.0.0 GND LA YER (G2L) 24 PHOTON V1.0.0 3V3 LAYER (G15L) PHOTON V1.0.0 BOTTOM LAYER (GBL) 25 Recommended solder reflow profile 26 Bill of Materials BUILD YOUR OWN DESIGN BASED ON THE PHOTON! 27 Qualification and approvals Photon with Headers Model Number: PHOTONH RoHS CE FCC ID: 2AEMI-PHOTON IC: 20127-PHOTON Photon without Headers Model Number: PHOTONNOH RoHS CE FCC ID: 2AEMI-PHOTON IC: 20127-PHOTON 28 Product handling PACKAGING The Photon comes in two primary styles of packaging: Matchbox and Kit Box. The matchbox packaging contains the bare essentials to get you started, while the Photon Kit contains a breadboard, Micro B USB cable, sticker, prototyping card and a couple sensors to build your first Internet connected project! Photons without headers in matchbox packaging are also available in JEDEC style trays for automated pick and place machines. Request more details from us on this in the Contact section below. MOISTURE SENSITIVITY LEVELS The Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) relates to the packaging and handling precautions required. The PO module on the Photons dominate the MSL requirements and are rated level 3. In general, this precaution applies for Photons without headers. If reflowing a Photon directly onto an application PCB, increased moisture levels prior to reflow can damage sensitive electronics on the Photon. A bake process to reduce moisture may be required. For more information regarding moisture sensitivity levels, labeling, storage and drying see the MSL standard see IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 (can be downloaded from www.jedec.org). 29 ESD PRECAUTIONS The photon contains highly sensitive electronic circuitry and is an Electrostatic Sensitive Device (ESD). Handling a photon without proper ESD protection may destroy or damage it permanently. Proper ESD handling and packaging procedures must be applied throughout the processing, handling and operation of any application that incorporates photons. ESD precautions should be implemented on the application board where the photon is mounted. Failure to observe these precautions can result in severe damage to the photon! Default settings The Photon comes preprogrammed with a bootloader and a user application called Tinker. This application works with an iOS and Android app also named Tinker that allows you to very easily toggle digital pins, take analog and digital readings and drive variable PWM outputs. The bootloader allows you to easily update the user application via several different methods, USB, OTA, Serial Y-Modem, and also internally via the Factory Reset procedure. All of these methods have multiple tools associated with them as well. You may use the online Web IDE Particle Build to code, compile and flash a user application OTA (Over The Air). Particle Dev is a local tool that uses the Cloud to compile and flash OTA as well. There is also a package Spark DFU-UTIL for Particle Dev that allows for Cloud compiling and local flashing via DFU over USB. This requires dfu-util to be installed on your system. 'dfu-util' can also be used with Particle CLI for Cloud compiling and local flashing via the command line. Finally the lowest level of development is available via the GNU GCC toolchain for ARM, which offers local compile and flash via dfu-util. This gives the user complete control of all source code and flashing methods. This is an extensive list, however not exhaustive. 30 Glossary 31 FCC IC CE Warnings and End Product Labeling Requirements Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures: Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. This device may not cause harmful interference, and 2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. FCC Radiation Exposure Statement: This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This transmitter module must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. This End equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 centimeters between the radiator and your body. IMPORTANT NOTE: In the event that these conditions can not be met (for example certain laptop configurations or co-location with another transmitter), then the FCC authorization is no longer considered valid and the FCC ID can not be used on the final product. In these circumstances, the OEM integrator will be responsible for re-evaluating the end product (including the transmitter) and obtaining a separate FCC authorization. 32 End Product Labeling The final end product must be labeled in a visible area with the following: Contains FCC ID: 2AEMI-PHOTON Manual Information to the End User The OEM integrator has to be aware not to provide information to the end user regarding how to install or remove this RF module in the user's manual of the end product which integrates this module. Canada Statement This device complies with Industry Canada's licence-exempt RSSs. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. This device may not cause interference; and 2. This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device. Le present appareil est conforme aux CNR d'Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L'exploitation est autorisee aux deux conditions suivantes: 1. l'appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage; 2. l'utilisateur de l'appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radioelectrique subi, meme si le brouillage est susceptible d'en compromettre le fonctionnement. Caution Exposure: This device meets the exemption from the routine evaluation limits in section 2.5 of RSS102 and users can obtain Canadian information on RF exposure and compliance. Le dispositif repond a l'exemption des limites d'evaluation de routine dans la section 2.5 de RSS102 et les utilisateurs peuvent obtenir des renseignements canadiens sur l'exposition aux RF et le respect. The final end product must be labelled in a visible area with the following: The Industry Canada certification label of a module shall be clearly visible at all times when installed in the host device, otherwise the host device must be labelled to display the Industry Canada certification number of the module, preceded by the words "Contains transmitter module", or the word "Contains", or similar wording expressing the same meaning, as follows: Contains transmitter module IC: 20127-PHOTON This End equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 centimeters between the radiator and your body. Cet equipement devrait etre installe et actionne avec une distance minimum de 20 centimetres entre le radiateur et votre corps. 33 The end user manual shall include all required regulatory information/warning as shown in this manual. Revision history Contact Web https://www.particle.io Community Forums https://community.particle.io Email hello@particle.io 34